Efficiency of RAPD and ISSR markers in assessment of genetic diversity in Brassica napus genotypes

Evaluation of relationships is of prime importance in any breeding studies. In current research, genetic diversity among different rapeseed genotypes from several geographical origins including Canada, Australia, Germany, France, Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden, Iran, and Somegenotypesof unknown origin, were evaluated by RAPD and ISSR markers. All of the generated bands using 12 RAPDs and 15 ISSRs markers were polymorphic among genotypes. Mean polymorphism Information Content (PIC) was 0.346 and 0.350 for RAPD and ISSR markers, respectively. Distance matrix between genotypes was calculated using Dice dissimilarity coefficient. For integrated data maximum (0.95) and minimum (0.26) distance were observed between Elvis and Dankeld and between Goliath and Hyola 401 genotypes, respectively. Cluster analysis of data using Dice dissimilarity matrix and Neighbor Joining (NJ) algorithm divided genotypes into seven, five and three main clusters by RAPDs, ISSRs and both markers, respectively. Non accordance of genetic diversity obtained from this study to origin of these genotypes, showing that screening on genotypes for breeding program cannot rely on geographical origin and it must be carried out by exact genetic studies. Our results show that RAPD and ISSR markers are suitable tools for evaluation of genetic diversity in Brassica napus. Kay words: Genetic variation, ISSR, Plant breeding. Rapeseed, RAPD.